![]() Lawrence Sondhaus, Preparing for Weltpolitik: German Sea Power before the Tirpitz Era ( Annapolis, Maryland, 1997 ), pp. John Roberts, ‘The Pre-Dreadnought Age, 1890–1905’, in Steam, Steel and Shellre: The Steam Warship 1815–1905, ed. John Campbell, ‘Naval Armaments and Armour’, in Steam, Steel and Shellre: The Steam Warship 1815–1905, (ed.) Robert Gardiner (London, 1992), p. ![]() John Roberts, ‘Warships of Steel, 1879–1889’, in Steam, Steel and Shellre: The Steam Warship 1815–1905, ed. Lawrence Sondhaus, The Habsburg Empire and the Sea: Austrian Naval Policy, 1797–1866 ( West Lafayette, Indiana, 1989 ), pp. Lambert, ‘The Screw Propeller Warship’, in Steam, Steel and Shell~re: The Steam Warship 1815–1905, ed. 19–20 ĭouglas Dakin, British and American Philhellenes during the War of Greek Independence, 1821–33 (Thessaloniki, 1955), 124–6, 137.Īndrew J. Lambert, ‘Introduction of Steam’, in Steam, Steel and Shellre: The Steam Warship 1815–1905, ed. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.Īndrew J. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. ![]() The close of the twentieth century found the post-Communist Russian navy still Europe’s largest but in a state of rapid decline, while the future of European navies in general remained uncertain. During the Cold War (1945–91) the British and other western European navies reduced the size of their fleets while the Soviet Union built Europe’s largest naval force, of a size second only to that of the United States. Thereafter, the turn-of-thecentury era of the battleship (1890–1922) overlapped at its close with the emergence of the submarine and aircraft carrier (1914–45), the latter era witnessing the relative decline of European navies with the emergence of the United States as the world’s leading naval power. In the decades after the Napoleonic Wars, European navies took the lead in the transition from sail to steam propulsion (1815–60) and in the ensuing introduction of armour and the emergence of modern warship types (1860–90). ![]()
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